What are Nasal Polyps?

Nasal polyps are benign inflammatory and hyperplastic outgrowths of the sinonasal mucosa. It is present most commonly in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRs) in which diffuse nasal polyposis is seen. Hence, the term chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) is also frequently used when referring to nasal polyps.

In the general population the overall prevalence rate of nasal polyposis ranges from 1-4%.It is more common in adults.

Risk factors

Nasal polyps are of different types with different risk factors and causes. The main classification of nasal polyps is into- localised, diffuse and systemic.

• Localised nasal polyp: arise from inflammatory or neoplastic processes.
• Diffuse nasal polyp: seen in conditions like T-helper 2 (Th2) cell-driven eosinophilia, immunoglobulin-E (IgE) inflammation
• Systemic nasal polyp: seen in patients suffering from systemic diseases with nasal manifestations like Churg-Strauss syndrome and cystic fibrosis (CF)

Sign and symptoms

Following are the cardinal symptoms of CRSwNP-

• Progressive nasal obstruction
• Nasal and/or facial congestion
• Rhinorrhoea
• Decreased sense of smell

Diagnosis

Unilaterality of symptoms, history of the epistaxis, history of chronic otitis media, recurrent bronchitis, and/or pneumonia must be inquired thoroughly by the physician. The presence of nasal polyps confirmed by anterior rhinoscopy/nasal endoscopic examination with two cardinal symptoms confirms the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis.

General management

Physicians must be consulted for the proper prescription and management of symptoms. The aim of the treatment must be to reduce their size and try eliminating them.

Warning: Above information provided is an overview of the disease, we strongly recommend a doctor’s consultation to prevent further advancement of disease and/or development of complications.

Disclaimer: The information provided herein on request, is not to be taken as a replacement for medical advice or diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. DO NOT SELF MEDICATE. PLEASE CONSULT YOUR PHYSICIAN FOR PROPER DIAGNOSIS AND PRESCRIPTION.